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News & Announcements Archive

Of frogs and vigilantes

By Jon Faust For the last several months, many analysts (including me) have warned about the growing threat to Fed independence.  But some people that I respect have pushed back. Bond market vigilantes, they assert, will protect us–these vigilantes are market players who cause sufficient turmoil in financial markets in the face of bad monetary […]

What does the latest jobs report mean for monetary policy?

By Bob Barbera and Jon Faust The July snapshot of U.S. employment suggests that job gains have slowed to a crawl, with three-month average gains down to 35,000. Days before the jobs report Fed Chair Powell argued that “a wide set of indicators suggests that conditions in the labor market are broadly in balance and […]

Why was the Fed’s response to rising inflation so delayed?

by Jon Faust In August 2020, the FOMC adopted revisions to its policy framework that were mainly intended to deal with the problems of chronically low inflation and interest rates.  In the best tradition of Greek tragedy, high inflation almost immediately ensued. While inflation rose above 2 percent in March 2021, it was not until […]

Immigration and sustainable payrolls expansion

by Robert Barbera & Jonathan Wright Labor force growth determines the steady-state monthly change in payrolls.   Recently, payrolls have expanded at a fast clip notwithstanding a slight uptick in the unemployment rate.  The reason why the economy, despite aging baby boomers leaving the work force, can sustainably expand payrolls by about 200,000 per month is […]

Star Power

By Jon Faust and Robert Barbera Given the focus on the neutral real interest rate, r*, at the last several FOMC press conferences, one might be forgiven for thinking that estimates of r* play an important role in policymaker judgements about the restrictiveness of monetary policy.  We think this gets things backwards. In much conventional […]

A Great Job Market, or a Poor One?

By Floyd Norris “We should spend less time talking about race and more time talking about how to get people to work.”  Sen. Josh Hawley, R-Missouri, reacting to Donald Trump’s statements on Kamala Harris’s heritage. The Democrats think jobs should be their issue this year.  The flood of new jobs created during the Biden administration […]

Soon: More Old Than Young

By Floyd Norris  The aging of America continues, and it seems likely that this year there will be more people over 60 than people under 20 in this country, the first time that has ever happened. As recently as 1980, there were twice as many people under 20 – most of whom were yet to […]

Numbers Don’t Lie? 

By Floyd Norris  The labor market is booming.  The average unemployment rate in 2023 was 3.64%, down a smidgen from the previous year and the lowest for any total year since 1969.  But is that just because fewer people are looking for work, and therefore are not counted as unemployed?    A way to seek that […]

Why Don’t Americans Believe Inflation Is Coming Down? Because (Most) Prices Aren’t

To an economist looking at the government CPI report that came out Tuesday, it is clear that inflation is receding. Over the past 12 months, the overall CPI is up 3.2%, far below the peak annual rate of 9.1% seen in the summer of 2022.  The co-called “core” rate, which excludes  volatile food and energy […]

Financial-Stability QE Can Appreciate the Exchange Rate

By Alessandro Rebucci and Sinem Yagmur Toraman Johns Hopkins Carey Business School, CEPR and NBER Johns Hopkins University, Economics Department On Wednesday September 28, 2022 the Bank of England announced a short-term Gilt purchase program to bail out the UK pension system. The 30-year yield tanked, UK pension funds were rescued, and, quite surprisingly, the […]

A Job Boom That Left Many Out

Job growth in the United States was distinctly uneven for decades before the Pandemic hit, a fact that was emphasized this week when the Bureau of Labor Statistics released a list of when each county in the United States reached its highest employment, based on data from 1975 to 2020. It showed that only 27% […]

Steeling Ourselves for Less Steel Use in China

 Herbert Stein, former Chair of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisors for R.M. Nixon, reminded his colleagues that “if something cannot go on forever, it will stop”. History is littered with speculators who went broke, betting against clearly unsustainable trends but forgetting that forever is a long time.  Which brings us to the Chinese Real […]