To obtain a trio of legendary monsters in Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire (2002), players can embark on an elaborate side quest where they must decode two-dimensional representations of Braille. Removed from its original context as a tactile language, this visual “Pokémon Braille” is at once an inclusive and exclusionary gesture. Frank Mondelli, Japanese Studies, Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at the University of Delaware explores the ludonarrative appropriation of Braille and other communication systems in Japanese games and beyond, asking how games can impact accessibility and disabled expression in broader society –and vice versa.

Co-sponsored by the Department of History of Science & Technology and the International Studies Program.